It is that time of the year once again where Muslims around the world fast during the Holy Month of Ramadhan. Ramadhan is the ninth month of the Islamic lunar/Hijrah calendar. It is also the month in which the Al Quran was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW).
Every year Muslims are reminded about their spiritual obligation to fast during this time. Fasting is one of the five Pillars (along with a belief in Allah, a pilgrimage to Mecca, charity, and prayer five times each day) of Islam.
Moreover, Ramadhan serves as a season of spiritual renewal and gratitude for the generous gifts bestowed upon all human beings by Allah (SWT).
Muslims believe that it is a month in which families grow closer, communities strengthen their friendship and individuals reaffirm their spiritual roots through prayer and contemplation and reading of the the Quran.
Fasting during this month begins at dawn and ends at sunset. It is a requirement asked of all able-bodied adults, and the persons who are exempted to fast are women who are in their monthly period of menstruation; those who are sick; and those who are traveling in far places.
Here are 10 things to know about the holy month.
1. The dates for Ramadan change every year as the calendar is based on the lunar cycle, and it usually falls 11 days earlier than the previous year.
It begins at the first sighting of the new crescent moon.
2. Fasting is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. It is meant to cultivate self-discipline and direct one’s heart away from distractions, as well as to cleanse one’s soul by freeing it of impurities.
The meal that Muslims consume at dawn before fasting begins is called sahur. The breaking fast meal is known as iftar.
Hari Raya Aidilfitri is celebrated after the last break fast of the month. It also marks the start of a new month, Syawal.
3. Besides abstaining from eating and drinking, Muslims must also refrain from smoking, sexual activities and sinful speech or behaviour while fasting.
4. During Ramadan, praying is emphasised throughout the day (for the full list of times, click here). Special evening prayers, when long portions of the Quran are recited, called terawih, are also conducted.
5. Not all adult Muslims need to fast – the elderly and people who are sick or travelling overseas are exempted, although in the latter cases, they are expected to make up for it.Women who are pregnant, menstruating or breastfeeding are also excused. Children are not required to fast until they reach puberty.
6. Under the Labour Law in the United Arab Emirates, employees are entitled to work reduced hours during this period without a reduction in their salaries. Workers across the country get two hours cut from their regular work days.
7. The most important day of Ramadan takes place some time during the last 10 days of the month. It usually falls on the 9th, 21st, 23rd, 25th, or 27th days of Ramadan. Muslims believe it was the day when the first verses of the Quran were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. It is known as Laylat al-Qadr, or Night of Power.8. A recent local study conducted by experts from the National University of Singapore found that fasting during the Ramadan period can help improve blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.
9. Fasts are usually broken by eating dates, which is known for being easy to digest and possessing a high level of sugar. Soups, bread and fruits such as watermelon are also recommended.
10. The theme for this year’s festivities in Singapore is “Celebrating Ramadan with family”.
